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Daily lessons · Day 7 of 90

Time & days

Say when - times, today, tomorrow

Your final free lesson, and it completes the everyday toolkit: being able to say when. You'll learn to ask and tell the time, name the parts of the day, handle today/tomorrow/yesterday, and combine them into real arrangements. After today you can greet, introduce yourself, ask what and where and how much, order, and make a plan - which is a genuinely functional survival Japanese.

Telling the time

Hours use じ (ji) and minutes use ふん / ぷん (fun / pun):

ima nanji desu ka.
What time is it now?
いま (ima) = now, なんじ (nanji) = what hour. The same question frame again.
___ ji desu.
It's ___ o'clock.
さんじ (san-ji) = 3 o'clock, ろくじ (roku-ji) = 6 o'clock.
yoji, shichiji, kuji
4, 7, 9 o'clock
Irregular! Not よんじ / ななじ / きゅうじ. These three must be memorised as exceptions.
Why it works

Those three exceptions are the main hurdle in Japanese time-telling. Notice they use the *other* readings you met on Day 4 - し for 4, しち for 7, く for 9 - the very ones you were told to avoid when counting. Counting prefers よん/なな/きゅう; the clock prefers よ/しち/く. Annoying, but it's only three items, and they come up constantly enough that they'll stick quickly.

Parts of the day and the calendar

These pair with times to make a complete when:

asa, hiru, yoru
morning, midday, night
ごぜん (gozen) = a.m. and ごご (gogo) = p.m. also exist: ごご さんじ = 3pm.
kyō, ashita, kinō
today, tomorrow, yesterday
The three that carry most everyday scheduling.
konshū, raishū
this week, next week
せんしゅう (senshū) = last week. Same こん/らい/せん prefixes work with げつ (month): こんげつ, らいげつ, せんげつ.
Why it works

Those prefixes are another reusable system, like ko-so-a. こん = this, らい = next, せん = last. Learn them once and they apply across weeks, months and years - こんねん / らいねん / きょねん. Japanese is full of these small productive patterns, and spotting them is what makes vocabulary growth accelerate rather than plod.

Putting it together

Combining time words is how you make an actual arrangement:

ashita shichi-ji ni aimashō.
Let's meet tomorrow at 7.
に (ni) marks a point in time. あいましょう = “let's meet”.
nanji ni hajimarimasu ka.
What time does it start?
Useful for tours, trains, museum openings and last entry times.
chekkuauto wa nanji desu ka.
What time is check-out?
A hotel staple - and the same frame you've now used a dozen times.
Why it works

に is your fourth particle (after は, を and か) and it marks a specific point in time - しちじに (at 7). Note the difference from English: Japanese needs に for a clock time but drops it for relative words like きょう and あした. So it's あした しちじに, not あしたに しちじに. When in doubt: numbers-on-a-clock take に, words like “tomorrow” don't.

eki wa doko desu ka
Where is the station?
migi / hidari
right / left
kore o kudasai
This one, please

Check yourself

10 questions. Nothing is saved unless you finish.