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Daily lessons · Day 6 of 90

Where is …?

Find the station, the toilet, anything

Getting lost is the default state of a first trip to Japan - addresses work differently, and stations are enormous. Today gives you one reliable question pattern for finding anything, the direction words you need to catch in the reply, and a strategy for understanding an answer that's faster than your Japanese.

The master pattern

One frame finds anything. Swap the place and it keeps working:

___ wa doko desu ka.
Where is ___?
The frame. どこ (doko) = “where”, in the same [question word] + ですか shape as なん and いくら.
eki wa doko desu ka.
Where is the station?
えき (eki) = station. Probably your most-used version of this sentence.
toire wa doko desu ka.
Where is the toilet?
Worth memorising cold. Japanese public toilets are clean, free and everywhere - you just need to find them.
Why it works

That's now three question words in one identical frame: なん (what), いくら (how much) and どこ (where). Two more worth having: だれ (dare, who) and いつ (itsu, when). The frame never changes - [thing] は [question word] ですか. This is the highest-leverage sentence pattern in beginner Japanese.

Understanding the answer

You don't need to parse a whole reply. You need to catch these anchor words:

massugu
straight ahead
Often paired with いって (itte, “go”): まっすぐ いって ください - “please go straight”.
migi / hidari
right / left
Over-learn these two. They appear in every set of directions you'll ever receive.
tonari / tsugi
next to / next
となり = next-door, adjacent. つぎ = next in a sequence - the next stop, the next corner.
Why it works

Here's the practical strategy: don't try to understand the whole sentence. Listen for one or two anchors and act on them. If you catch つぎ and みぎ, “next corner on the right” is enough to get moving. Japanese people are famously willing to help - many will simply walk you there - so a partial understanding plus a grateful ありがとうございます works perfectly well.

Useful follow-ups

Three phrases that make the exchange smoother:

chikai desu ka.
Is it close?
Lets you decide whether to walk. とおい (tōi) is the opposite - far.
aruite ikemasu ka.
Can I walk there?
Very practical in cities. Answer will often come with a number of minutes: ごふん (go-fun, 5 minutes).
eigo ga hanaseru hito wa imasu ka.
Is there someone who speaks English?
Your escape hatch in a station, hotel or big shop. It de-escalates instantly.
Why it works

That last one is worth its weight in gold and worth practising even though it's long. It's polite, it's specific, and in any large station, hotel or department store the answer is usually yes. Notice はなせる (hanaseru) - “can speak”; you'll meet this “potential form” properly later, but for now keep the whole sentence as one memorised unit.

kore o kudasai
This one, please
ikura desu ka
How much is it?
onegaishimasu
Please

Check yourself

9 questions. Nothing is saved unless you finish.